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STR()
Convert a numeric expression to a character string
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Syntax
STR(<nNumber>, [<nLength>], [<nDecimals>]) --> cNumber
Arguments
<nNumber> is the numeric expression to be converted to a character
string.
<nLength> is the length of the character string to return, including
decimal digits, decimal point, and sign.
<nDecimals> is the number of decimal places to return.
Returns
STR() returns <nNumber> formatted as a character string. If the
optional length and decimal arguments are not specified, STR() returns
the character string according to the following rules:
Results of STR() with No Optional Arguments
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expression Return Value Length
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Field Variable Field length plus decimals
Expressions/constants Minimum of 10 digits plus decimals
VAL() Minimum of 3 digits
MONTH()/DAY() 3 digits
YEAR() 5 digits
RECNO() 7 digits
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description
STR() is a numeric conversion function that converts numeric values to
character strings. It is commonly used to concatenate numeric values to
character strings. STR() has applications displaying numbers, creating
codes such as part numbers from numeric values, and creating index keys
that combine numeric and character data.
STR() is like TRANSFORM(), which formats numeric values as character
strings using a mask instead of length and decimal specifications.
The inverse of STR() is VAL(), which converts character numbers to
numerics.
Notes
. If <nLength> is less than the number of whole number digits in
<nNumber>, STR() returns asterisks instead of the number.
. If <nLength> is less than the number of decimal digits
required for the decimal portion of the returned string, CA-Clipper
rounds the number to the available number of decimal places.
. If <nLength> is specified but <nDecimals> is omitted (no
decimal places), the return value is rounded to an integer.
Examples
. These examples demonstrate the range of values returned by
STR(), depending on the arguments specified:
nNumber:= 123.45
? STR(nNumber) // Result: 123.45
? STR(nNumber, 4) // Result: 123
? STR(nNumber, 2) // Result: **
? STR(nNumber * 10, 7, 2) // Result: 1234.50
? STR(nNumber * 10, 12, 4) // Result: 1234.5000
? STR(nNumber, 10, 1) // Result: 1234.5
. This example uses STR() to create an index with a compound key
of order numbers and customer names:
USE Customer NEW
INDEX ON STR(NumOrders, 9) + CustName TO CustOrd
Files Library is CLIPPER.LIB.
See Also:
TRANSFORM()
VAL()
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Written by Dave Pearson